C1 - Advanced Spanish
At the C1 Advanced level, students are able to communicate widely in different environments such as social, professional, and cultural settings.
Any written text is now expected to be clear, structured, and detailed.
improvisar
improvise
The Spanish word 'improvisar' translates to 'improvise' in English. It is a verb often used when someone needs to spontaneously create or alter something in an unplanned situation. It is about being flexible and creative in the moment to solve a problem or meet a need. An example in use could be: 'No planee mi discurso, tuve que improvisar', meaning 'I did not plan my speech, I had to improvise.'
Example sentences with improvisar →impuesto de aduana
Customs tax
The phrase 'impuesto de aduana' in Spanish refers to a specific type of tariff or fee that is imposed on goods as they cross international boundaries. This is generally imposed by government institutions and its main purpose is to help control the flow of goods, particularly in the context of restricting or facilitating imports and exports. This is commonly known as 'customs tax' in English.
Example sentences with impuesto de aduana →inauguración
opening
The Spanish word 'inauguración' translates to 'opening' in English. This can refer to the act or ceremony of formally starting something, such as an event, building, or institution. It can also denote the start or first part of something. Additionally, it can represent a formal celebration that marks the beginning of a major public event.
inaugurar las fiestas
inaugurate the holidays
The Spanish phrase 'inaugurar las fiestas' translates to 'inaugurate the holidays' in English. This phrase is often used to signify the official opening or the starting of holiday festivities or events. Similar to its English equivalent 'inaugurate', 'inaugurar' refers to the act of formally or ceremoniously initiating something. In the context of 'las fiestas', which means 'the holidays', 'inaugurar las fiestas' refers to the official commencement of holiday celebrations.
inaugurar un acto
inaugurate an event
The phrase 'inaugurar un acto' in Spanish can be translated in English as 'inaugurate an event'. This is often used in the context of formal ceremonies or public events, when an individual officially declares the event as being open or in progress. The term 'inaugurar' refers to the act of beginning or introducing something, typically with a formal ceremony. The term 'un acto' refers to an event or occasion.
inaugurar un comercio
inaugurate trade
The phrase 'inaugurar un comercio' in Spanish translates to 'inaugurate a trade' in English. It can be used when establishing or opening a new business or marketplace, signifying the beginning of operations. The act of inaugurating typically involves a formal ceremony or ritual marking the official opening. The term 'inaugurar' directly relates to 'inaugurate' in English, and 'comercio' to 'trade' or 'business'. The phrase as a whole can signify embarking on a new commercial endeavor.
inaugurar un curso
inaugurate a course
The phrase 'inaugurar un curso' in Spanish translates to 'inaugurate a course' in English. This phrase is often used in the context of education and academia to denote the official opening or commencement of an academic course or study program. It can also be used more generally to refer to the start of any organized series of events, activities, or a new system. The term mirrors the concept of 'launching' or 'starting' something new.
incineradora
incinerator
The Spanish word 'incineradora' translates to 'incinerator' in English. An incinerator is a device used mostly in waste treatment technology, especially in the disposal of solid waste materials. It involves the combustion of waste products converting them into ash, flue gas, heat, or steam. In Spanish, when you say 'incineradora', it can refer to the same device or system used in waste management and disposal.
Example sentences with incineradora →incubadora
incubator
The Spanish word 'incubadora' translates to 'incubator' in English. It can be used in various contexts. In a general or literal sense, it refers to an apparatus used to hatch eggs or grow microorganisms under controlled conditions. For example, in a hospital, a special kind of incubadora is used for newborn infants which provides the right conditions for them to survive and grow. It can be also used metaphorically, as in English, to refer to an environment promoting the development of new ideas, companies, technologies etc.
índice
index
The Spanish word 'índice' translates to 'index' in English. It is a noun and it can refer to either a pointer or a sign, an indicator, or a list arranged usually in alphabetical order of some specified datum such as authors, subjects, etc. 'Índice' can be used in various contexts such as in a book, where it describes a list at the end or beginning of a book; in mathematics in terms of index numbers; or in programming for array index.
índice de audiencia
audience rating
The Spanish term 'índice de audiencia' translates to 'audience rating' in English. This phrase is primarily used in the context of television or radio broadcasting industry. It measures and provides an estimate of the audience size or composition that a particular television or radio program, station, or network is able to attract. The audience rating can be an important factor for broadcasters as it helps them determine their programming and advertising strategies.
indiferencia
indifference
The Spanish word 'indiferencia' translates to 'indifference' in English. Indifference refers to a lack of interest, concern, or sympathy. This term is often used in a variety of contexts, indicating a person's lack of concern about the events that are going on around them. It's a state of mind in which the individual doesn't care about the effects of an event or action because they have no preference for any specific outcome.
indisposición
indisposition
The Spanish word 'indisposición' translates to 'indisposition' in English. Generally, it refers to a state of being slightly unwell or in poor health. It's often used to describe a minor illness which is not serious in nature, such as a mild cold or a temporary bout of fatigue. However, it can also indicate a lack of willingness or readiness to do something.
Example sentences with indisposición →inducir
inducing
The Spanish verb 'inducir' translates to 'inducing' in English. It is used to describe the action of bringing about or giving rise to something. It is generally associated with inferences, suggestions, or the cause of specific action or condition. For instance, one can 'inducir' a state of relaxation or 'inducir' someone to make a certain decision, much like the way 'inducing' is used in English.
industria ligera
light industry
The Spanish term 'industria ligera' translates in English to 'light industry'. Light industries require less capital investment compared to heavy industries and produce smaller consumer goods such as clothing, food, and electronics. They typically don't use heavy machinery or have as harmful impacts on the environment in their production processes. 'Industria ligera' is used in the context of categorizing and discussing sectors and types of manufacturing and business.
Example sentences with industria ligera →industria pesada
heavy industry
The term 'industria pesada' in Spanish translates as 'heavy industry' in English. This term is frequently used in economic contexts and categorizes industries that are capital intensive, that is, they require a significant amount of capital to produce goods or services. Such industries include automobile manufacturing, ship building, steel production, chemical production, and mining. These industries often have a substantial environmental impact due to the volume and nature of their outputs.
Example sentences with industria pesada →industrialización
industrialization
The Spanish term 'industrialización' translates to 'industrialization' in English. It refers to the process or period of social and economic change where human societies transform from primarily agricultural to industrial and manufacturing societies. This term is often associated with increased technology usage, shift in economy, and notable impact on sociocultural aspects.
Example sentences with industrialización →ineptitud
ineptitude
The Spanish word 'ineptitud' translates to 'ineptitude' in English. This is a noun that refers to a lack of skill or aptitude for a particular task or assignment. It's often used to critique a person's ability to accomplish a task or do a job effectively. It can also be used more broadly to describe a general lack of ability or knowledge in something. This word comes from the Latin 'ineptus' which combines 'in-' (not) and 'aptus' (fit, suitable).
Example sentences with ineptitud →infección
infection
The Spanish word 'infección' translates to 'infection' in English. An infección in the medical field in Spanish-speaking countries refers to the invasion and multiplication of harmful microorganisms in the body, particularly bacteria, viruses, and fungi. These harmful microorganisms can cause disease, damage tissue, and cause other health problems. Hence, the English equivalent for infección is infection, which has similarly unpleasant connotations in the healthcare context.
Example sentences with infección →infectar(se)
infect(se)
The Spanish verb 'infectar(se)' translates to 'to infect' or 'to get infected' in English. It is primarily used in medical contexts to explain the process through which a disease spreads or an individual contracts a disease. 'Infectar' is used when talking about the action of causing an infection, while 'infectarse' refers to the action of contracting an infection. Like many other Spanish verbs, its form changes based on the subject and tense.
Example sentences with infectar(se) →inflamación
inflammation
The Spanish word 'inflamación' translates to 'inflammation' in English. This term is used in the medical field to refer to a part of the body that has become red, swollen and often painful due to injury or infection. It is a typical reaction of the body to defend itself against harmful stimuli. Inflammation may occur due to various reasons which include external injuries like cuts, scraps and foreign elements like splinters; or internal issues like an immune response to an infectious disease, an allergic reaction, or autoimmune diseases.
Example sentences with inflamación →inflamar(se)
flaming(se)
The Spanish term 'inflamar(se)' translates to 'to inflame' or 'to swell up' in English. It is often used in medical contexts to describe inflammation. When employed as a reflexive verb, as in 'inflamarse', it means that the subject itself is experiencing inflammation or swelling. However, it is essential to stress that it does not literally translate to 'flaming' in English.
Example sentences with inflamar(se) →influencia
influence
The Spanish word 'influencia' translates to 'influence' in English. Influence indicates the capacity to have an effect on someone or something, or the power to shape policy or ensure favorable treatment from someone, especially through status, contacts, or wealth. It can be used in various contexts in both languages, often relating to personal interaction, business, politics or other sectors where power and control are present.
Example sentences with influencia →información confidencial
confidential information
The Spanish phrase 'información confidencial' translates to 'confidential information' in English. This term is often used in business, legal, and government contexts. It describes any sort of data or information that should not be disclosed or is intended to be kept secret. Confidential information could be personal data, trade secrets, proprietary data, or any sensitive information that is covered by privacy law or agreement.
información de primera mano
first-hand information
The Spanish phrase 'información de primera mano' translates to 'first-hand information' in English. This term is often used to refer to immediate, direct information or data that has not been subject to interpretation, modification or distillation. Essentially, it is the most direct and original information one can obtain. It is common to use this phrase in reports, journalism, research and in any context where the purity of the information is a high priority.
información y asesoramiento
information and advice
The Spanish phrase 'información y asesoramiento' translates to 'information and advice' in English. This phrase, often used in business and service contexts, refers to the process of providing data and guidance to individuals or groups. The first word, 'información', comes from the verb 'informar' which means 'to inform'. The second word, 'asesoramiento', comes from the verb 'asesorar' which means 'to advise'. Together, they convey the act of enlightening someone with data and guiding them towards a decision or course of action.
informatizar una empresa
computerize a company
The Spanish phrase 'informatizar una empresa' translates to 'computerize a company' in English. This means introducing or increasing computer applications, digital tools, and automation into a business or company's operations. It involves replacing manual processes with electronic ones, to improve efficiency and productivity in the business environment. 'Informatizar' comes from 'informático' (computer) implying making something computerized and 'empresa' means business or company.
Example sentences with informatizar una empresa →infringir el código de circulación
to violate the highway code
The Spanish phrase 'infringir el código de circulación' translates to 'to violate the highway code' in English. It refers to the act of not complying with the rules and regulations established for navigating roads, streets or highways. Purposely or unintentionally, such an act can lead to legal implications such as fines, penalties, or even more severe punishments depending on the severity of the violation and the laws of the respective country.
Example sentences with infringir el código de circulación →infringir el código de circulación de tráfico)
to infringe the traffic code
The Spanish phrase 'infringir el código de circulación de tráfico' translates to 'to infringe the traffic code' in English. This refers to the act of violating the set rules and regulations that have been established to regulate the actions of individuals using the road for transportation. This could encompass numerous actions such as speeding, going through a red light, not signaling turns, among other possible traffic offenses.
Example sentences with infringir el código de circulación de tráfico) →infringir las normas (de circulación)
violation of (traffic) rules
The Spanish term 'infringir las normas (de circulación)' translates to 'violation of (traffic) rules' in English. This phrase is typically used in the context of traffic or driving, referring to acts such as speeding, running a red light, not wearing a seat belt, etc. It consists of the verb 'infringir', which means 'to breach' or 'to violate', followed by 'las normas', meaning 'the rules', and finally '(de circulación)', indicating that the rules in question are specifically traffic rules.
Example sentences with infringir las normas (de circulación) →