B2 - Upper Intermediate Spanish
Students at the Upper Intermediate B2 level can defend their positions in a debate, and explore opposing views on different topics.
At this level, most students can converse with native speakers naturally and fluently.
fórmula química
chemical formula
A 'fórmula química' in Spanish translates to 'chemical formula' in English. This is a representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements. It shows the atoms of the elements present in the compound and the ratio of the atoms. It is used in chemistry to denote chemical compounds. Thus 'fórmula química' is a key term for anyone studying chemistry or related sciences.
Example sentences with fórmula química →formulación
formulation
The Spanish word 'formulación' translates to 'formulation' in English. In the sciences, 'formulación' refers to the careful combination of various components to create a final product. In grammar, it might refer to the construction or creation of a statement or question. And in the business or industrial sectors, 'formulación' might involve creating or devising a strategy or plan.
Example sentences with formulación →formular una crítica
formulate a critique
The Spanish phrase 'formular una crítica' translates to 'formulate a critique' in English. The phrase is typically used to describe the process of developing or constructing an analysis or assessment of something, typically in a detailed and scholarly manner. An example of usage could be in an academic or professional setting when discussing literature, art or scientific studies.
formular una pregunta
ask a question
The Spanish phrase 'formular una pregunta' translates to 'ask a question' in English. It is a common phrase used to indicate the making of an inquiry. When broken down, 'formular' means 'to formulate' or 'to express', 'una' is a singular form of 'a', and 'pregunta' translates to 'question'. Therefore, when combined, it is generally used to ask or form a question in conversation or writing.
fotografía abstracta
Abstract photography
Abstract photography, known as 'fotografía abstracta' in Spanish, involves capturing images that do not have an immediate association with the object world. This type of photography is often experimental, non-objective, or non-concrete. It holds an emphasis on the aesthetic qualities rather than the illustrative properties of the image, focusing on shape, form, color, pattern and texture of the subject, rather than representing it in a literal way.
Example sentences with fotografía abstracta →fotografía artística
artistic photography
The word 'fotografía artística' is a phrase in Spanish that directly translates to 'artistic photography' in English. In this context, 'fotografía' refers to the act of capturing images with a camera, which is known as 'photography' in English. 'Artística', the adjective, correlates to the English word 'artistic' and describes photography that is considered to create an aesthetic value and express emotional and symbolic meanings. Overall, 'fotografía artística' represents a form of creative expression through the medium of photographic imagery.
Example sentences with fotografía artística →fotografía científica
Scientific photography
The term 'fotografía científica' is from Spanish and translates to 'scientific photography' in English. Scientific photography can be described as the use of photography to record and present scientific phenomena, and is often used in research and documentation in the scientific field. This can include a wide range of types, such as micrography, astrophotography, or underwater photography depending on the area of scientific study.
Example sentences with fotografía científica →fotografía de estudio
study photography
The phrase 'fotografía de estudio' translates to 'study photography' in English. This term is often used to refer to the genre of photography that primarily takes place in a controlled studio environment. This environment can be manipulated with artificial lighting, backgrounds, and other conditions to create specific visual effects. It is commonly applied to many professional and artistic fields, including but not limited to, fashion, advertising, portrait, and product photography.
Example sentences with fotografía de estudio →fragilidad
fragility
The word 'fragilidad' in Spanish translates to 'fragility' in English. It is a noun used to describe the quality of being easily broken or damaged, the vulnerability or lack of strength. This could refer to physical objects as well as abstract concepts, such as a fragile ego or mental state. In Spanish, just like in English, it is used to describe the vulnerability or delicacy of something or someone.
Example sentences with fragilidad →frambuesa
raspberry
The word 'frambuesa' is a noun in Spanish language. It translates to 'raspberry' in English. A raspberry is a small soft red fruit that grows on bushes. Raspberries are often eaten fresh, used in cooking and baking, or made into jams and jellies. In Spanish, it might be seen in recipes or menus referring to desserts or fruit salads.
fregona
mop
The Spanish word 'fregona' translates to 'mop' in English. The term is commonly used in Spanish-speaking household settings and refers to a cleaning tool that is typically long-handled and consists of a sponge or a bundle of thick loose strings attached at one end. This tool is used for mopping or cleaning floors.
freidora
fryer
The Spanish word 'freidora' translates to 'fryer' in English. This term typically refers to a kitchen appliance used for deep frying. It can also refer to a cooking utensil or a part of a stove where frying is done. It is commonly used in both household and commercial kitchens. In Spanish cooking, a 'freidora' is often used for making popular dishes like churros and fried fish.
fruta
fruit
The term 'fruta' in Spanish is translated as 'fruit' in English. The word 'fruta' represents a significant category in the food pyramid. Fruits are plant-derived, often sweet, and are eaten in a variety of ways. They can be consumed in their fresh form, in salads, desserts or juices. In Spanish-speaking countries, fruits play a key role in daily dietary habits and are often available in a wide variety of types due to a diversity of climates. Similar to English, the term 'fruta' in Spanish is universal and can be used to collectively refer to fruits of all types and forms.
frutos del bosque
fruits of the forest
The Spanish phrase 'frutos del bosque' directly translates to 'fruits of the forest' in English. It is often used to refer to a mix of various small berries like strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, etc. which are typically found in forested areas. It is a phrase frequently used in culinary contexts, especially in the description of flavors for foods such as desserts, jams, yogurts, or ice creams.
frutos secos
Dry fruits
The Spanish phrase 'frutos secos' translates to 'dry fruits' in English. This is a term used to describe a range of fruits which have had their water content removed, either naturally or through methods such as sun drying or use of a dehydrator. This process concentrates the fruit's flavor and increases its shelf-life. Common examples of dry fruits include raisins, apricots, prunes, and dates.
fuegos artificiales
fireworks
The Spanish term for 'fireworks' is 'fuegos artificiales'. It's a masculine noun, so when talking about one firework, you will say 'el fuego artificial'. The term is commonly used in the same way as in English, examples include celebrations like New Year's Eve or Independence Day where 'fuegos artificiales' are lit in celebration.
Example sentences with fuegos artificiales →fuente
source
The Spanish word 'fuente' is used similarly to the English term 'source'. It can refer to the origin or provider of something, like information, or physical resources. For example, in a report or research paper, if one would cite their 'source', in Spanish they would reference their 'fuente'.
Example sentences with fuente →función
function
The Spanish word 'función' translates to 'function' in English. It is a noun and it is used in various contexts. In mathematics, it is used to describe a relationship or expression involving one or more variables. In computer science, it is used to indicate a sequence of instructions that performs a specific task, packaged as a unit. It is also used in everyday language to mean the natural or intended purpose of something or the role that a person or thing has in a particular situation. Similarly, it can refer to a social event or gathering.
Example sentences with función →función de circo
circus performance
The Spanish phrase 'función de circo' translates to 'circus performance' in English. This phrase is used to describe a show or spectacle presented in a circus. These performances usually involve a variety of acts such as acrobatics, clowning, juggling, trapeze, and animal performances. The phrase encapsulates the excitement, spectacle, and unique entertainment that one can expect at a traditional circus performance.
función de teatro
theatre function
The Spanish phrase 'función de teatro' translates to 'theatre function' in English. This term can refer to a specific performance or showing in a theatre, or the role of theatre in society or in an individual's life. For instance, a 'función de teatro' might be a particular play or musical performance. Additionally, when discussing the cultural or societal 'función de teatro', it refers to the role of theatre as a form of artistic expression, a method of storytelling, and a type of social commentary.
fusil
rifle
The Spanish word 'fusil' translates to 'rifle' in English. The term 'rifle' refers to a firearm designed to be fired from the shoulder, utilizing the energy of the explosive in a fixed metallic cartridge to fire only a single projectile through a rifled bore for each single pull of the trigger.
Example sentences with fusil →gafas de cerca
close-up glasses
The Spanish term 'gafas de cerca' translates to 'close-up glasses' in English. These are a type of eyewear specifically designed to aid in tasks that require focusing on close distances, such as reading or doing close-up work. They are similar to reading glasses in functionality, and are often used by individuals who have difficulties in seeing or focusing on objects up close, otherwise known as nearsightedness or myopia.
gafas de lejos
distance glasses
The Spanish term 'gafas de lejos' translates to 'distance glasses' in English. This phrase is commonly used to refer to a type of eyeglasses used primarily for seeing objects that are far away more clearly. This kind of glasses is opposite to the term 'reading glasses' which are used for seeing objects that are close up. The term highlights an aspect of vision correction in relation to optometry and eye health.
gafas de protección
protective glasses
The Spanish phrase 'gafas de protección' translates to 'protective glasses' in English. Typically used in various professional fields such as science, manufacturing, or sports, these glasses are designed to protect the wearer's eyes from potential harm or injury. They may be specially treated to resist impact, protect against specific types of optical radiation, or prevent fogging. The importance of wearing 'gafas de protección' in certain circumstances cannot be overstated, as they provide an essential layer of safety for the eyes.
gafas de sol
sunglasses
The Spanish phrase 'gafas de sol' translates to 'sunglasses' in English. Sunglasses are a form of protective eyewear designed to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes. They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, featuring lenses that are colored or darkened, and frames that are cool, stylish and attractive. They are typically used in outdoor activities and are very useful in the summer or in sunny regions to protect from direct sun exposure, and potentially harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays.
gafas graduadas
graduate glasses
The Spanish phrase 'gafas graduadas' literally translates to 'graduate glasses' in English. However, in a more appropriate English usage, these are known as 'prescription glasses'. These are glasses whose lenses have been specially made to correct the vision of the person wearing them based on a prescription from an eye care professional. They come in various styles and make, but their primary function is to aid in vision correction for conditions such as myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.
galaxia
galaxy
The word 'galaxia' is a noun in Spanish. It corresponds to the English word 'galaxy'. In astronomy, a galaxy is a huge collection of gas, dust, and billions of stars and their solar systems, all held together by gravity. The word 'galaxia' is used in Spanish-speaking cultures to refer to such a celestial body.
Example sentences with galaxia →ganadero
cattle ranch
The Spanish term 'ganadero' translates to 'cattle ranch' in English. It is derived from the Spanish word 'ganado', which means 'cattle', and the -ero suffix, which can indicate profession or occupation. Therefore, a 'ganadero' is a person or business involved in raising cattle for various purposes such as milk or meat production. In other words, it's a place where cattle are kept and bred, forming a significant part of the agricultural industry in Spanish-speaking areas.
Example sentences with ganadero →ganancias
profit
The Spanish word 'ganancias' translates to 'profit' in English. This term is widely used in the context of finance and economy, and it refers to the financial benefits that are gained from a business or income-generating activity. In general terms, 'ganancias' means the positive difference between the cost price and the selling price of a product or service, after deducting all the costs associated with its production or provision.
Example sentences with ganancias →ganar (las) elecciones
win (the elections)
The phrase 'ganar (las) elecciones' in Spanish translates to 'win (the) elections' in English. It is a phrase used in political context, where 'ganar' means 'to win' and 'elecciones' means 'elections'. It is often used to discuss the outcome of a political race, especially when a candidate or party has received the majority of votes.
Example sentences with ganar (las) elecciones →