B2 - Upper Intermediate Spanish

dietas

The word 'dietas' in Spanish refers to a certain type of allowance. This allowance is not just any regular allowance, it is specifically a subsistence allowance. Subsistence allowance is the amount of money given to someone, typically for employment purposes, which covers basic daily needs such as food and drink. This type of allowance is mainly used to cover the necessary expenses of living, while performing job-related tasks or obligations. It can also be referred to as per diem.

digerir

The Spanish word 'digerir' translates to 'to digest' in English. It is commonly used in the context of physical digestion of food in a biological sense, wherein it refers to the breakdown of food by the body in order to absorb its nutrients. It can also carry a metaphorical meaning, hinting towards the mental process of comprehending and processing information or experiences.

diplomático

The Spanish word 'diplomático' translates to 'diplomat' in English. A diplomat is a person appointed by a government to conduct diplomatic negotiations and maintain political, economic, and social relations with another country. Diplomats are representatives of their own government to the government of another country or to an international organization. In Spanish, the same role is described by the word 'diplomático'.

diputado

The Spanish word 'diputado' translates to 'deputy' in English. This is often used in a political context, referring to a member of a legislative body, particularly in countries like Spain and those in Latin America. A 'diputado' is similar to a congressman or representative and is elected by the people to represent a political party in the government. The word can also be used to refer to a representative of a group, profession or sector in a meeting, congress or another assembly.

dirección

The Spanish term 'dirección' translates into English as 'address'. This could refer to a residential or business location. It is used in a similar context as in English, for identifying a specified place or arrangement of a building or a place on a map. An example of usage can be '¿Cuál es tu dirección?', translating to 'What's your address?'.

dirección obligatoria

The Spanish phrase 'dirección obligatoria' translates to 'mandatory direction' in English. This can be used in various contexts like road signs or directives where following a specified direction is compulsory. It can be a physical direction or abstract, referring to a course of action or procedure that must be taken or followed. This phrase comprises of two words - 'dirección', which means 'direction', and 'obligatoria', which means 'mandatory' or 'compulsory'.

dirección prohibida

The Spanish phrase 'dirección prohibida' translates to 'prohibited direction' in English. This term is commonly seen on traffic signs and it means that the direction indicated is not allowed for cars to proceed. This could be due to various reasons such as roadwork, a one-way street, or restricted areas. So, if you see this sign while driving, you should not proceed in the indicated direction.

director de tesis

The Spanish term 'director de tesis' translates to 'director of thesis' in English. It's typically used in scholarly or university-related contexts. In English-speaking countries, this individual is often referred to as thesis advisor or thesis supervisor. Their role often involves guiding and advising students during their thesis research project. They assist in planning the research, offer feedback on the student's work, and ensure that the project aligns with the academic standards of the institution.

dirigir

The Spanish word 'dirigir' translates to 'direct' in English. It is a verb that can mean several things depending on the context. It can mean to physically guide or steer, such as 'dirigir un vehículo' (direct a vehicle). However, 'dirigir' can also mean to manage or be in charge of something. For example, 'dirigir una empresa' (direct a company). In a more abstract sense, it can also mean to guide or influence the direction of a conversation or project.

disco duro

discreto

The Spanish word 'discreto' directly translates to 'discreet' in English. In both languages, this adjective is used to describe someone or something that is careful and circumspect in one's speech or actions, especially in order to avoid causing offense or to gain an advantage. It is often associated with a sense of caution, prudence, subtlety or the ability to avoid drawing attention.

discriminación

The word 'discriminación' in Spanish translates to 'discrimination' in English. Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudiced treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex. It can also refer to the recognition and understanding of the difference between one thing and another. For example, 'la discriminación basada en género o raza está prohibida' translates to 'discrimination based on gender or race is prohibited'.

discurso electoral

The term 'discurso electoral' in Spanish refers to a public address or a formal talk given by a candidate during an electoral campaign. This speech is intended to express their political platform and to convince voters about their suitability for the role they are running for. The speech can cover a variety of topics including the candidate's goals, policies, and plans if they are elected. In English, this is known as an 'election speech'.

discutir un tema

The Spanish phrase 'discutir un tema' translates to 'discuss a topic' in English. This phrase is often used in formal settings or in academic discussions. 'Discutir' means to discuss or debate, and 'un tema' means a topic. Thus when you are asked to 'discutir un tema', you are being asked to engage in a conversation, debate, or discourse about a specific topic.

disfrazarse

The Spanish word 'disfrazarse' translates to 'dress up' in English. It is a reflexive verb often used in the context of changing one's appearance with the help of clothing, makeup, or other accessories, most often for the purpose of a holiday, event, or theatrical performance. For instance, it could be used when someone is disguising as a character for a costume party or Halloween. This verb can be conjugated depending on the tense, mood, and the subject of the sentence.

disfrutar

The Spanish translation for the English word 'enjoy' is 'disfrutar'. It's used almost identically to English, such as in the phrase 'disfruta tu comida' which translates to 'enjoy your food'. Its use can be universal in activities, experiences, and meals, encouraging the person to take pleasure in what they are doing.

disfrutar (de) una comida

The Spanish phrase 'disfrutar (de) una comida' translates to 'enjoy (of) a meal' in English. It is used when someone wants to express that they are having a good time while eating their meal. This phrase is quite general, so it could be used in many different contexts. However, it is most commonly heard during family gatherings, social events, or at a restaurant. It would usually be expressed in a positive tone to imply appreciation and enjoyment of the food being eaten.

disfrutar de una beca

The Spanish phrase 'disfrutar de una beca' translates to 'enjoy a scholarship' in English. It's used in academic contexts and can refer to someone's having the opportunity of studying perhaps in a university or college with a scholarship. The person may not have to pay for their tuition or some part of it, because their monetary fee is covered by the scholarship. The term 'disfrutar' adds a sense of making the most of or appreciating the opportunity that the scholarship offers.

disgustado

The Spanish word 'disgustado' translates to 'disgusted' in English. It is used to describe a strong feeling of disapproval or dissatisfaction typically generated as a result of actions or ideas that are perceived as wrong, offensive, or revolting. Like many Spanish adjectives, it agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies. For example, a disgusted man is 'un hombre disgustado', while a disgusted woman is 'una mujer disgustada'.

disminución de la natalidad

The Spanish term 'disminución de la natalidad' translates to 'decrease in birth' in English. This term is used in demographics and can refer to a decline in the number of births in a particular geographic area over a certain period of time. An area that experiences a decrease in birth may do so due to a range of factors such as changing societal expectations, economic instability, advancements in contraception, or increased access to education, among others.

disminución de la población

The Spanish phrase 'disminución de la población' translates to 'decrease in population' in English. This phrase is often used in demographic discussions or studies to describe a scenario where the number of individuals in a population is decreasing over a specific period of time. This could be due to various factors, such as migration, natural disasters, famine, disease, war, or other such events causing death or displacement of people.

disminuir el número de desempleados

The Spanish phrase 'disminuir el número de desempleados' translates to 'decrease the number of unemployed' in English. This is generally used in a socioeconomic or political context, referring to the goal of reducing the count of people who do not currently have a job and are actively seeking employment. The word 'disminuir' means decrease, 'el número de' translates to 'the number of', and 'desempleados' means unemployed. Thus, this phrase represents a common aim of government policies and economic strategies to lower unemployment rates.

disparar

The Spanish word 'disparar' can be used similarly to the English word 'shoot'. It can refer to the act of firing a weapon, or be used metaphorically to instruct someone to begin speaking or acting. However, it does not translate to the photography term 'shoot', for which the Spanish term 'fotografiar' would be used.

distribución

The Spanish word 'distribución' translates to 'distribution' in English. It is intertwined with various disciplines, commonly seen in mathematics, statistics, and business. In business, 'distribución' refers to the process of making a product or service available for the consumer or business user who needs it. In statistics, the 'distribución' of a statistical data set is a listing or function showing all the possible values of the data and how often they occur.

distribución de la riqueza

The Spanish phrase 'distribución de la riqueza' translates to 'distribution of wealth' in English. It refers to the way wealth, or capital, is divided among the members of an economy. It can be represented by various political, economic, and social systems. The different types of distribution of wealth include equitably distributed wealth, accumulated wealth, and inherited wealth. The concept is often analyzed and debated in terms of its morality, economic efficiency, and impact on social stability and change.

distribuir un libro

The Spanish phrase, , 'distribuir un libro', translates to 'distribute a book' in English. In context, this phrase is often used in situations involving the sharing of a physical or digital book to a wide audience. It can often imply that the book is being circulated or given out for free, or spread across a designated area. More specific applications include situations in publishing or educational fields.

distribuir un producto

The Spanish phrase 'distribuir un producto' translates to 'distribution of a product' in English. This term is commonly used in business and economics, and refers to the process or operation of delivering a product from the manufacturer or producer to the end user. It involves all activities starting from production, packaging, inventory, warehousing, supply chain, and sale. 'Distribuir un producto' is an important concept in the field of marketing and supply chain management.

do

The Spanish word 'do' does not directly translate to 'do' in English. Depending on the context, 'do' in Spanish could be an abbreviation for 'Domingo', which means 'Sunday'. A direct translation or equivalent for 'do' as an action verb in English does not exist in Spanish. Spanish verbs are usually in the form of 'hacer', 'hago', etc. depending on the tense and pronoun used.

dócil

The Spanish word 'dócil' translates into English as 'docile'. Describing someone as 'dócil' implies that they are easily managed or handled, comply readily to commands or guidance, and are generally calm and not aggressive. It can be used to describe both people and animals. As with other adjectives in Spanish, 'dócil' changes to 'dóciles' for plural usage.

doctorarse

The Spanish verb 'doctorarse' translates to the English term 'to get a doctorate'. It refers to the action of achieving the highest degree offered by universities, known as a doctorate degree. It is commonly used in academic contexts and implies many years of rigorous study and research in a particular field.