miss
In Italian, the term 'signora' is used to address a woman who is married or older. It is the equivalent of 'miss' in English. However, unlike English, Italian does not have a specific term for an unmarried woman. 'Signorina' is used to address a young woman, but it is not equivalent to 'miss' as it does not imply marital status.
Ma'am, could you pass me the salt?
This is a polite request for something, using 'Signora' as a form of address often equivalent to 'Ma'am' in English. 'Può passarmi il sale?' translates to 'Could you pass me the salt?'
The lady has left her umbrella.
This is a phrase used to indicate that a woman (signora) has left behind her umbrella. 'La signora' is 'the lady' in English, 'ha lasciato' means 'has left', 'il suo' is 'her', and 'ombrello' is 'umbrella'.