political
The term 'politico' in Italian shares considerable overlap with the English 'political', often being used in contexts to refer to matters concerning governance, policy, or affairs of a state. Much like English, it can be employed either as an adjective or a noun. As an adjective, 'politico' could be used to modify nouns, standing for political, as in 'partito politico' meaning 'political party'. As a noun, it represents a politician.
My father is talking to a politician.
This is a simple sentence that discusses an action, which is a conversation, between two main subjects: the speaker's father and a politician. The key verb 'sta parlando', which is in present continuous tense, implies an ongoing conversation.
The politician promised to reduce taxes.
The sentence revolves around a singular subject, a politician, performing an action, which is making a promise. The object of the sentence is the promise's content itself - cutting down the taxes. Italian future tense can also be expressed with the present tense verb depending on the context, just like in this example.
I voted for the most popular politician.
The speaker of the sentence addresses an action they've performed in the past - voting for a specific politician. The politician is described as the most popular, which is a superlative adjective. Italian past tense can be expressed by simple past verb and past participle, like 'ho votato' (voted).